BPD is frequently associated with depression, domestic violence, and suicide. Many authors consider substance use a manifestation of impulsivity, which is seen as a core feature of the disorder. It has been suggested that the comorbidity occurs because both conditions share the common etiologies and are part of the same domain of psychopathology (i.e., impulse control disorders. Several studies have shown high comorbidity between BPD and substance use disorders (SUD). panic & Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), to substance use & eating disorders. BPD commonly co-occurs with a variety of Axis I disorder ranging from mood & anxiety disorders (esp. Patients with BPD are supposed to show high sensitivity and intense reactions to emotional stimuli as well as longer latencies to return to their baseline emotional state. Emotion dysregulation is supposed to be a central mechanism of the disorder. Several studies stress the role of impulsiveness as a core construct of BPD. BPD is frequently seen in clinical practice, characterized by emotional turmoil and chronic suicidality (suicide ideation and attempts). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), these conditions are defined by maladaptive personality characteristics beginning early in life (early adulthood) that have consistent and serious effects on functioning. Other researchers have emphasized interpersonal problems and conflict as important precipitating events to the parasuicide. Self-injurious behavior is associated with relief from anxiety or dysphoria and with analgesia (absence of the experience of pain in the presence of a theoretically painful stimulus). Self-mutilation is one of the most discriminating signs of BPD. These patients are argumentative, irritable, sarcastic, quick to take offence and very hard to live with. Suicide attempts serve to punish others, escape suffering, and to communicate distress. Common clinical features of BPD are frequent intense mood swings, the inability to be alone nor to tolerate intimacy, fears of abandonment, extreme dependency on others alternating with sudden hostility, perceiving others as all good or all bad ("splitting"), chronic self-mutilation (often described as relieving emotional pain), and chronic suicidality. found gender differences in the “type of disorder of impulse in which they specialized”, with male borderline patients significantly more likely to meet criteria for lifetime substance use and females significantly more likely to meet criteria for life-time eating disorders. Within a sample of personality-disordered patients, Zanarini et al. Recent studies have found that BPD is actually more prevalent affecting almost 5.9% of the population and there was no difference found among the rates of BPD among women vs. BPD is a debilitating disorder that occurs in approximately 1-4 % of the general population and about 75% are females. People with BPD show a pattern of behavior characteristics marked by impulsivity and instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and moods. Keywords: Borderline personality disorder Mental status examination Characteristic featuresīorderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a serious personality disorder. A characteristic profile for evaluating emotional and cognitive functioning of BPD was developed in the study using case study. They wanted their problems to be shared, heard and understood. Insight and judgement capacity showed that patients were aware of their mental problem. They had poor attention and concentration with average general awareness. Sensorium and mental capacity revealed that their remote memory was adequate, recent memory was impaired while immediate memory was poor. Suicidal ideation was common in all patients. Thought processes involved loose associations, fears and somatic trends in males. Affect was not compatible with the idea and content of thoughts and situations. Emotional state indicated feelings of anger, hurt, boredom, and depression. Speech was slow they spoke in muffled voices and sometimes were loud. Psychomotor activity was slow, increased in some cases. Males appeared dull, sad and reclusive while females were elated. General appearance of patients was appropriate. Evaluation of the emotional and cognitive functioning was done. The themes and characteristics were identified from in-depth clinical interviews and direct observation of the patients. Five cases of BPD (3 males, 2 females aged 17-23 years) identified using semi-structured interview schedule including case history, MSE and DSM-IV-TR criteria were taken from a Psychiatric Centre in India. The study aimed to identify characteristics of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients using case study method and mental status examination (MSE).
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